Königheim

This post will be gradually developed to detail what I found about Mary Stephan (1849-1924, my great grandmother who married Anton Deneke in 1876).

However, at first this post merely holds photographs that I took while visiting Königheim in August 2017.

Denkmal zu 1895 Kriegsopfer aus Königheim

The Brehmbach that flows through Königheim

Königheim viewed from the Kirchberger Weinbau

Königheim viewed from the forested hill to the south

Königheim from the south, as the church bells announce the hour

"Jesus' lineage is announced to John the Baptist," statuary in St. Martin church, Königheim

City heraldry, Königheim (Kanne-heim)

The Brehmbach and its mill diversion as seen by Stefan Lindtner

St. Martin church and Rathaus, Königheim

Historical placque, St. Martin church, Königheim

Interior, St. Martin church, Königheim

St. Martin church and Rathaus, Königheim

The Weinbau on the hill south of Königheim

A Schnecke on its way to the next meadow

Stefan Lindtner, author and genealog of Königheim

The Emigration Journey of Anna Maria Stephan

I've pursued some questions with Stefan Lindtner of Königheim, from where my great-grandmother Maria Anna Stephan (married name Deneke) emigrated in 1873.

First contact

From: tabs6469
To: tgkohn
Sent: Thu, May 5, 2011 3:51
Subject: Maria Anna Stephan
Hallo,
angeschlossen ein Auszug aus der Passagierliste des Schiffs Algeria. Die zweite Frau Maria Stephan kam ebenfalls aus Königheim und reiste zu ihrem Bruder. Das Schiff fuhr auf der Route Liverpool-New York und erreichte New York am 04.04.1873.
Wenn Sie weitere Informationen benötigen melden Sie sich bitte,
Gruß
Stefan Lindtner
Passagierliste_Algeria_04041873_Stephan_Anna_Maria_und_Maria_Philomena.jpg

Translation:
"Hello,
"attached is a portion of the passenger list of the ship Algeria. The second Frau Maria Stephan came from Königheim and was travelling to her brother. The ship took the route from Liverpool to New York and reached New York on 4 April 1873. If you need further information, please contact me.
"Greetings,
"Stefan Lindtner"

Reply

Am 22.05.2012 04:27, schrieb Tom Kohn:
Guten tag Herr Lindtner!
Ich glaube daß ich noch nicht Ihren Brief geantwortet habe. Entschuldige für die lange Ziet dazwischen.
Seit einem Jahr, weiß ich gar nicht wie wir uns diese Familiengeschichte zusammen gebastelt haben. Ich muß unterallen ein herzvolles Danke sagen.
Da ich nicht weiß, wovon Sie schreiben, und wie Sie diesen Shiffszahl gefunden haben, stelle ich einige Fragen, obwohl Sie möglich gar nichts davon wissen.
1. Wie hat die Maria Anna Stephan von Königheim nach Liverpool gereist?
2. Gibt's vielleicht eine Auswangerungsverständniß dazu?
3. Wie ist die Quelle dieses Shiffszahls?
Trotzdem bin ich glücklich bei Ihrem guten Tat.
Mit schönsten Grüßen!
Thomas Kohn

Translation:
"Good day Mr. Lindtner,
"I believe I haven't replied yet to your letter. Excuse me for the long time between our correspondence. A year later, I don't know what we did to build this family history. Nevertheless, I give you heartfelt thanks.
"Since I don't know where you're writing from, nor how you found the ship manifest, I have a few questions. Perhaps you also don't know the answers.
"1. How had Maria Anna Stephan travelled from Königheim to Liverpool?
"2. Is there perhaps a document that permits her emigration?
"3. What is the source of the ship manifest?
"Nevertheless, I'm lucky because of your good deed.
"With best wishes,"

Answer

From: Tabs6469
To: Tom Kohn
Sent: Sun, Sep 23, 2012 11:27 am
Subject: Re: Maria Anna Stephan
Hi,
from other documents and books I know that the emigrants from Baden first made a trip to the river Rhein. There they they used a passenger ship to come to the coast. From the coast of the North Sea they used a ship to come to England and Liverpool. In Liverpool they entered the emigrant ships. In the 1850's more than 150 people from Koenigheim made this trip on one ship and the story was written down.
The emigrants needed a permission for the emigration. But a lot of of them left Baden without this permission. I don't know if Maria Anna Stephan had this permission.
I found the Passengerlist of the Algeria on ancestry.com during my research for the emigrants of my village Koenigheim to the USA.
That's it.
Stefan Lindtner

More information

The following information is not edited to a final form. It is primarily a list of resources to use for a final text.

Rhein ship travel
See 1911 Encyclopedia entry. If you have patience, look in this source to find possibly contemporary information about Rhein travel and Rotterdam.
The Rhine Gorge is a popular name for the Upper Middle Rhine Valley, a 65 km section of the River Rhine between Koblenz and Bingen in Germany. It was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in June 2002 for a unique combination of geological, historical, cultural and industrial reasons.

The gorge produces its own microclimate and has acted as a corridor for species not otherwise found in the region. Its slopes have long been terraced for agriculture, in particular viticulture which has good conditions on south-facing slopes. Most of the vineyards belong to the wine region Mittelrhein, but the southernmost parts of the Rhine Gorge fall in Rheingau and Nahe.

The river has been an important trade route into central Europe since prehistoric times and a string of small settlements has grown up along the banks. Constrained in size, many of these old towns retain a historic feel today. With increasing wealth, many castles appeared and the valley became a core region of the Holy Roman Empire. It was at the centre of the Thirty Years' War, which left many of the castles in ruins, a particular attraction for today's cruise ships which follow the river. At one time forming a border of France, in the 19th Century the valley became part of Prussia and its landscape became the quintessential image of Germany.Rotterdam, NL port
An excellent contemporary map of lower Holland. Use these selections to the left of the map: Nederland, Zuid-Holland, Rotterdam.
Potentially, another contemporary map is at http://www.rat.de/kuijsten/atlas/zh/. However, the specific page results in an error. The home page http://www.rat.de connects to an active weblog.
This website is the Rotterdam municipal archive's image library. Use the product names provided on this webpage.

Liverpool, UK
This source includes a small amount of information for both Rotterdam and Liverpool. I found an isolated statement that Liverpool emigration records before 1890 are not available.

The embarcation and sea travel.
An abundant assemblage of detail at Maggie Blanck is not well documented.

Arrival at New York

Castle Garden, about 1888

Castle Garden, today known as Castle Clinton National Monument, is part of Battery Park, a 25-acre waterfront at the southern tip of Manhattan. From 1855 to 1890, Castle Garden was America's first official immigration center, a pioneering collaboration of New York State and New York City. Unlike Ellis Island, which was to be operated by the United States Bureau of Immigration, the New York State Board of Emigration commissioners were in charge of Castle Garden. The national monument of today includes an educational website that offers a database on 11 million immigrants who were received at Castle Garden from 1820 through 1892, the year Ellis Island opened. The park also served the citizens of New York as a concert hall and park until the early 20th Century. Other images of Castle Garden. Thanks also to Lynda Jean Reyst Klema and her excellent summary.

This source refers to other websites that may list immigrant arrivals.

Finally, the travel inland has spotty documentation in this source.

© Thomas G. Kohn, 2013.

Planning the ships research project

2012.04.28
The Dayton Public Library has about 75 shelf feet of published books that list immigrant passengers of ships that arrived in the New World. Each book lists from 50,000 to as many as 500,000 passengers' names, along with the date of arrival and the ship name. There are no indexes of the names,except for some of the books that index just that book. Some of the series are grouped chronologically, but not all. Some books list all immigrants in alphabetic order, some by the ship's arrival in port. I have yet to review all, but at least some list the original sources that the volume documents

Books that list immigrants to America, Dayton public library, main branch 

Since Robert Schuh's questions about when each of the Kohn brothers emigrated, what ships they took, and where they arrived in the U.S., I've been planning the research that's needed to answer the questions. Not that I didn't have the same questions, but I put it off because I knew the detailed work that the research entails. Because of the huge number of secondary resources and the lack of indexes, I want to go through the volumes only once, though there are many ancestors who made the crossing at various times.

I am now building a spreadsheet that lists each person who emigrated. Where possible, I'm including the last known date in Europe and the first known date in the U.S. I'm lucky for the Johann Reinert family and two of the Kohn brothers. (See the list in the report about Robert Schuh's visit.)

But I plan to include as many emigrées as possible, including these ancestors:

• Great-grandmother Maria Stephan left Königheim, in today's Main-Tauber-Kreis of Baden-Wurttemberg and was naturalized in 1872 or 1873. (She was born in 1849.)
• Great-grandfather Anton Deneke left Brakel, in today's Kreis Höxter, Nordrhein-Westfalen and apparently immigrated in 1872. He resided in Cincinnati, Ohio before 1876. (He was born in 1836.)
• Great-grandmother Leopoldina Salinger left Breisach-am-Rhein, in today's Kreis Breisach,  Baden-Wurttemberg, perhaps in 1872 with a sister Maria Anna Josepha Salinger and brother Anton Hermann Salinger. (They were born in 1839, 1838, and 1836.)
• Great-grandfather Robert Ohnsat left Grüben, in what was once Kreis Falkenberg, Schlesien, Ostpreußen, but now called Grabin, in Niemodlin county, Opole, Poland. He resided in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania by 1872, as did his brother Joseph Ohnsat. It's possible that another brother Carl Anton Ohnsat emigrated and settled in the Detroit, Michigan area. (They were born in 1835, 1842, and 1844.)
• Second-great-grandparents John Butler and Mary Kennedy left Thomastown, County Kilkenny, Ireland with their four children to settle in or near Syracuse, New York by February 1837. (They were born in 1801 and 1797.)
• Second-great-grandparents Dennis Cummings and Margaret Walsh, who left Ireland, perhaps with their family of two daughters. They were recorded in the 1860 U.S. Federal Census in Dane County, Wisconsin. (They were born in 1806 and 1800.)
• Chuck's grandfather Giovanni (John) Iacano or Chuck's great grandparents Francesco Gacomo and Francesca Rovetto left Ragusa, Siracusa Province, Sicily. If it was his grandfather Giovanni, he arrived on his own—or perhaps with a brother Emanuel—on 20 March 1904. (They were born in 1882, about 1855, and about 1855.)
• Chuck's great grandparents Vincenzo Russo Femminella and Rosa Blogna (or Bologna) left Miltello Rosmarino, Messina Province, Sicily, arrived at Ellis Island on 29 June 1911 with their two children Angela, who is Chuck's grandmother, and her brother Biagio. (They were born in 1879 and about 1869.)
• Chuck's great grandfather Charles Derry, or Chuck's 2nd great grandfather, whose name is unknown so far, were in the United States before 1857. (He was born about 1820.)

I want to do this research only once, because the list of sources is so daunting. I encourage other family genealogists to add a comment if there's another immigrant I should research. In your comment, include all that you know about the arrival, such as

• Full name
• Likely date of arrival, or range of time
• Departure port
• Accompanying family members and their relationships

At least for now, I plan on focused work on arrivals at New York, but I can expand the search with other requests. I'll update this post as my plans reach the next stage, of actually going through the sources.

2012.06.02
I added the brothers to Robert Ohnsat and added birth years for each person.
2012.05.08
I added dates to the listed family who immigrated.
2012.05.01
A discussion of American immigration by ship refers to the National Archives holdings and essential secondary sources in multi-volume books. The Dayton and Montgomery County Public Library has some of these multi-volume books in its 75 shelf feet of materials.  They include:

• The famine immigrants : lists of Irish immigrants arriving at the port of New York, 1846-1851 Ira A. Glazier, editor ; Michael Tepper, associate editior. (7 v. : ill. ; 24 cm. Contents: v.1. January, 1846-June, 1847.--v.2. July 1847-June 1848.--v.3. July 1848-March 1849.--v.4. April 1849-September 1849.--v.5. October 1849-May 1850.--v.6. June 1850-March 1851.--v.7. April 1851-December 1851.) The Great Potato Famine, brought on by a blight that struck the potato crop, reduced nearly all of Ireland to poverty. Between 1846-1851 over a million men, women, and children emigrated to the U.S. and Canada, the majority of them entering through the port of New York. In essence, this work is a chronological listing of nearly 651,000 passengers with name, age, sex, occupation, date of arrival, port of embarkation, and vessel.
• Germans to America. series II : lists of passengers arriving at U.S. ports in the 1840s edited by Ira A. Glazier. (v. <1-7 > : ill., maps ; 24 cm. Contents: v. 1. January 1840-June 1843 -- v. 2. July 1843-December 1845 -- v. 3. January 1846-October 1846 -- v. 4. November 1846-July 1847 -- v.5. July 1847-March 1848 -- v.6. April 1848-October 1848 -- v.7. October 1848-December 1849.) Approximately 70,000 names in each volume. Lists are arranged chronologically by ship arrival. "Every passenger is identified by full name, age, sex, occupation, destination and when . . . available [the] country, province, or town of origin."
• Italians to America : lists of passengers arriving at U.S. ports edited by Ira A. Glazier and P. William Filby. (v. ; 24 cm. Contents: v. 1. January 1880-December 1884 -- v. 2. January 1885-June 1887 -- v. 3. July 1887-June 1889 -- v. 4. July 1889-Oct. 1890 -- v. 5. November 1890-December 1891 -- v.6. January 1892-December 1892 -- v.7. January 1893-September 1893 -- v.8. October 1893-May 1895 -- v.9.June 1895-June 1896 -- v.10. July 1896-June 1897 -- v.11. June 1897-May 1898 -- v.12. May 1898-April 1899 -- v.13. May 1899-November 1899 -- v.14. December 1899-May 1900 -- v.15. May 1900-November 1900 -- v.16. November 1900-April 1901 -- v. 17. April 1901-September 1901 -- v.18. October 1901-March 1902 -- v.19. April 1902-June 1902 -- v.20. June 1902-October 1902 - v.21. November 1902-March 1903 - v.22. March 1903-April 1903 - v.23. April 1903-June 1903 - v.24. June 1903-October 1903 - v.25. October 1903-March 1904 - v.26. March 1904-May 1904.. Includes indexes.)
• Emigrants from Baden and Württemberg in the eighteenth century by Brigitte Burkett.
• Nineteenth century emigrants from Baden : volume 2 : Graben, Linkenheim, Spöck & Staffort / by Brigitte Burkett.
• German immigrants, 1820-1920 / by Helen Frost. (32 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 21 cm. Contents: Early German immigrants -- Life in the old country -- The trip over -- Arriving in America -- Surviving in America -- Keeping traditions -- Timeline -- Famous German-Americans -- Words to know -- To learn more -- Places to write and visit -- Internet sites.)
• Passenger and immigration lists bibliography, 1538-1900: being a guide to published lists of arrivals in the United States and Canada / edited by P. William Filby. Gives "full bibliographic information for more than 2,550 published passenger and immigration lists." A revision of A Bibliography of Ship Passenger Lists, 1538-1825, compiled by Harold Lancour. 3rd ed., rev. and enl. by Richard J. Wolfe, 1963.
• Passenger and immigration lists index: a guide to published arrival records of about 500,000 passengers who came to the United States and Canada in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries / edited by P. William Filby, with Mary K. Meyer. (3 v. (xxxv, 2339 p.) ; 29 cm.) Alphabetical listing of passengers who arrived in North America and the West Indies between 1538-1900, compiled from published sources: passenger lists and naturalization records. Entries include age; year of arrival or naturalization, with an abbreviation for the bibliographic citation with volume and page. Some 125,000 names are added annually in the published Supplements.
• Passenger and immigration lists index. Supplement. (v. ; 29 cm. Latest issue consulted: 2005. Issued in two pts. per year, 1998-<2004> Cumulates in: Passenger and immigration lists index. cumulated supplements.)
• The Immigration History Research Center : a guide to collections compiled and edited by Suzanna Moody and Joel Wurl ; production coordinated by Judith Rosenblatt and Anne Bjorkquist Ng ; foreword by Rudolph J. Vecoli.

2012.05.08

The website Immigrant Arrivals: A Guide To Published Sources includes these other relevant sources, which may be in the Dayton library.

• Hamburg (Germany). Auswanderungsamt. [Records, 1850-1873.] LC call number: Microfilm 10,897GA-43N-43P Listen Direkt, Manuscript Division; Microfilm 10,897GB-23N-23P Listen Indirekt, Manuscript Division LC control number: mm 83070243

Finding aid, Manuscript Division Reading Room. See also the vertical file, LH&G. Names east European emigrants from two lists covering the period 1850-1873: Direct Lists (indexed) are passengers who sailed directly from Hamburg, Germany, to their destination; Indirect Lists (indexed) names passengers who sailed from Hamburg, but who stopped at another European port before reaching their destination. Handwritten in German script, the names are arranged by first letter of the surname. Entries include name of the ship, master of the vessel, departure date, name of passenger, age, previous residence, occupation, and destination.

• Irish Passenger Lists, 1847-1871: List of Passengers Sailing from Londonderry to America on Ships of the J. & J. Cooke Line and the McCorkell Line. Compiled under the direction of Brian Mitchell. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co., 1988. xvii, 333 p., ill., index. LC call number: E184 .I6I69 1988 LC control number: 87082306

For business reasons two Londonderry shipping firms kept passenger lists of their Atlantic crossings: J. & J. Cooke, 1847-1867, and William McCorkell & Co., 1863-1871. Cooke's include name of ship, year of embarkation, destination, Irish address of the passenger (usually town), and ages of children. The McCorkell lists provide name and address of passenger, month and year of embarkation, ages of children, month and year "engaged" at Philadelphia by the Robert Young and Co., name of the ship, month and year of embarkation.

• Kaminkow, Jack and Marion. A List of Emigrants from England to America, 1718-1759. Baltimore, Md.: Magna Carta Book Co., 1988. xxvii, 292 p. Includes 3,000 names. "Transcribed from microfilms of the original records at the Guildhall, London." LC call number: E187.5 .K3 1988 LH&G LC control number: 88083835

• Luxembourgers in the New World: A Reedition Based on the Work of Nicholas Gonner, "Die Luxemburger in der Neuen Welt," Dubuque, Iowa, 1889. Edited by Jean Ensch, Jean-Claude Muller, Robert E. Owen; original translations by Gerald L. Liebenau and Jean-Claude Muller. Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg: Editions-Reliuers Schortgen, 1987. 2 vols. Ill. LC call number: E184 .L88L89 1987 LH&G LC control number: 87170772

Vol. 1, discussion of Luxembourger emigration, 1840-1890, with comments on settlements, occupations, and activities in the U.S. Vol. 2, principally an index to approximately 4,000 personal and place names cited in the Luxembourger Gazette (Dubuque, Iowa), 1872-1892.

• Schenk, Trudy, Ruth Froelke, and Inge Bork. The Wuerttemberg Emigration Index. Salt Lake City, Utah: Ancestry, Inc., 1986-92. LC call number: CS627 .W86S34 1986 LH&G LC control number: 85052453

Projected 8-volume work, each with approximately 12,000 names of individuals derived from 19th-century immigration registers of Wuerttemberg, Germany. Data include date and place of birth, date of emigration application, destination, home district of the applicant, and number of the microfilmed originals at the Genealogical Society of Utah.

Further reading may be necessary at these websites.

• PASSENGER LISTS: The Pitfalls - A Personal Experience
• Finding Passenger Lists & Immigration Records 1820-1940s

Certainly there are other references to look up.