2014-05-22

Selected Probate Case Numbers, Mitchell County

Selected cases, numeric order

An "x" following the name indicates I have reviewed the file and either photographed its content or decided the subject was not a relative (n.r.). Items notated "no copy" were allowed review after making appeal and justification to the Clerk of Court, and the case could be reviewed without taking notes or photographs.

968 Butler Martin

997 Butler Ellen x n.r.
1416 Steichen John

1437 Steichen Dolorsa et al

1578 Butler Ruth x n.r.
1709 Streit Peter H x
2014 Deneke Mary x
2062 Butler John H x n.r.
2117 Butler Daisy E

2134 Steichen Urban  x n.r.
2257 Streit Dorothy & Christina x (no copy)
2282 Streit Henry E x (no copy)
2396 Butler Maggie x n.r.
2584 Streit Henry Sr x
2892 Streit George J

3206 Deneke George x
3212 Deneke Tony x
3378 Bulthaup L.L. x
3924 Gradig Marie x
3979 Butler Florence x n.r.
4001 Deneke Anna T. x
4093 Deneke Anna x
4102 Kohn Elizabeth x
4107 Kohn Vera May x
4191 Streit Nick x
4283 Boberg Martha x n.r.
4392 Gasper Nick

4398 Butler Mary Ellen x n.r.
4401 Streit Frank x
4499 Butler Edward M

4713 Butler Mary Ellen x n.r.
4736 Steichen E.M. x
4935 Gasper Regina x
4938 Streit Anna K x
5184 Kohn Louise x
5247 Reinert Marie H

5286 Boberg Anna

5303 Gasper John P

5359 Deneke Henry E

5396 Streit Conrad

5650 Gasper Philip x
5693 Gasper John F

5736 Gasper Frank T

5758 Gasper Mary S

5763 Gillen Minnie

5786 Gasper Frank T

5805 Gradig Adolph

5824 Gasper Gertrude

5885



5895 Reinert Peter A

6065 Reinert Mary

6069 Deneke Frank

6082 Steichen Theresa

6138 Reinert Barbara

6162 Reinert Anna M

6316 Streit Anna J

6387 Gradig Urban

6410 Deneke Justina Helena
6420 Boberg Henry E

6463 Gradig Joseph

6471 Gradig Joseph

6510 Streit Catherine S

6526 Deneke Willie

02.p.20 Reinert Joseph H

04.p.46 Reinert Fern O

77.p.39 Reinert Nikolaus

79.p.16 Gradig Margaret S

79.p.35 Gasper E.G.

80.p.17 Streit Gerard F

81.p.25 Streit John H

83.p.12 Bulthaup Laurence E

83.p.16 Gasper Lawrence

88.p.14 Gasper Anton J

90.gc.02 Kohn Debra

90.p.01 Gasper Hilda

90.p.34 Reinert Margaret M

95.p.27 Reinert John N

96.p.03 Reinert Erma B

96.p.11 Kohn John A

96.p.35 Babb Helen C

99.p.41 Reinert Wanda J


Selected cases, alphabetic order


96.p.35 Babb Helen C

5286 Boberg Anna

6420 Boberg Henry E

4283 Boberg Martha x n.r.
3378 Bulthaup L.L. x
83.p.12 Bulthaup Laurence E

2117 Butler Daisy E

4499 Butler Edward M

997 Butler Ellen x n.r.
3979 Butler Florence x n.r.
2062 Butler John H x n.r.
2396 Butler Maggie x n.r.
968 Butler Martin

4398 Butler Mary Ellen x n.r.
4713 Butler Mary Ellen x n.r.
1578 Butler Ruth x n.r.
4093 Deneke Anna x
4001 Deneke Anna T. x
6069 Deneke Frank

3206 Deneke George x
5359 Deneke Henry E

6410 Deneke Justina Helena
2014 Deneke Mary x
3212 Deneke Tony x
6526 Deneke Willie

88.p.14 Gasper Anton J

79.p.35 Gasper E.G.

5736 Gasper Frank T

5786 Gasper Frank T

5824 Gasper Gertrude

90.p.01 Gasper Hilda

5693 Gasper John F

5303 Gasper John P

83.p.16 Gasper Lawrence

5758 Gasper Mary S

4392 Gasper Nick

5650 Gasper Philip x
4935 Gasper Regina x
5763 Gillen Minnie

5805 Gradig Adolph

6463 Gradig Joseph

6471 Gradig Joseph

79.p.16 Gradig Margaret S

3924 Gradig Marie x
6387 Gradig Urban

90.gc.02 Kohn Debra

4102 Kohn Elizabeth x
96.p.11 Kohn John A

5184 Kohn Louise x
4107 Kohn Vera May x
6162 Reinert Anna M

6138 Reinert Barbara

96.p.03 Reinert Erma B

04.p.46 Reinert Fern O

95.p.27 Reinert John N

02.p.20 Reinert Joseph H

90.p.34 Reinert Margaret M

5247 Reinert Marie H

6065 Reinert Mary

77.p.39 Reinert Nikolaus

5895 Reinert Peter A

99.p.41 Reinert Wanda J

1437 Steichen Dolorsa et al

4736 Steichen E.M. x
1416 Steichen John

6082 Steichen Theresa

2134 Steichen Urban  x n.r.
6316 Streit Anna J

4938 Streit Anna K x
6510 Streit Catherine S

5396 Streit Conrad

2257 Streit Dorothy & Christina x (no copy)
4401 Streit Frank x
2892 Streit George J

80.p.17 Streit Gerard F

2282 Streit Henry E x (no copy)
2584 Streit Henry Sr x
81.p.25 Streit John H

4191 Streit Nick x
1709 Streit Peter H x

2014-05-21

Research trip journal, day 3

2014.05.19 Monday


2014.05.20 Tuesday


2014.05.21 Wednesday

The town siren in Jewell, Kansas sounded at some frighteningly early hour, perhaps 6 a.m.  I hope that's not a daily thing I thought, before I returned to sleep. After I woke again and rose at 7:45, another pair of sirens sounded at 8 a.m. What a reveille.

I dressed and went to the bar next door, the Delaware Pub, where I was told I could get food. Yes, but not breakfast today. I spoke with the owner, Howard Floyd (?), who said he could fire up the grills for me each morning I'm here, except Sunday when the bar is closed all day. I biked around the town, just on the off chance that I would see some promising place for eating (No luck.) and finished the tour with a stop at the Jewell Grocery, where I bought some frozen bagels, butter (none available without salt), yoghurt, half+half, and frozen waffles.

I ate in the room, which is actually a small apartment with refrigerator, toaster oven, microwave, drip coffee pot, sink, along with passable table ware and cooking pots. No range though, Why are a skillet and pot in the cupboards?

So I had a late start today, even if my first "research work" is editing a set of outlines for these journal pages for my full trip. I arrived in Beloit during the noon hour. All offices in the courthouse and the parish were closed until 1:00 p.m. I walked around a bit, had am awful turkey Reuben sandwich at Plum Creek Café, and spoke with a pharmacy about getting a script for a drug that I am low on.

In the Register of Deeds office, Angela Engelbert helped me with my initial request to see the Tract Indexes for specific locations. I described the Tract Index that I found in Osborne County, and she showed me the variation of the document that Mitchell County has. Yet another type of source document!

Instead of presenting each quarter of the section, all transactions for the full section are listed in chronologic order. At least for the earliest deeds, four dates are recorded: the date of the transaction, of the notarization, of the recording, and of another process identified as "Ac'kt"—acknowledgement, meaning the date of notarization. Also these earliest deeds include the actual monetary value of the transfer. (In many deeds, the value is disguised and not part of the public record.)

My photographic setup had a few problems with glare. The early pages have been laminated in a semi-matte coating that still reflects ambient light. So my setup had to eliminate as much light as possible. I photographed only the pages from one book, so I could review the results later on my computer. In close-up, the glare you can see in this image is not problematic. So I will confidently continue my work there tomorrow. (Tami Eck is the Registrar, but she was out of the office today.)

I also spent about 90 minutes with the Clerk of District Court, where I listed the probate files I may want to copy. My initial list is long, and the clerk Pam Thiessen will give me access to pull the files myself and photograph the relevant pages. The county coffers have been lacking in funds to bring the district court and land records into the digital age. A small percent of the records, only the most recent, can be accessed online. The vast majority await funding before the paper documents can be scanned and set into a database.

After the courthouse closed for the day, I went to St. John the Baptist Church and photographed the exteriors of the church, convent, school, and rectory. The full block of houses across from the church have been torn down, so I was able to photograph from a unique vantage point.

I took a ride into the eastern part of Beloit township, reacquainting myself with the roads and topography. I photographed the ruins of my grandfather's house and farm buildings, and I remembered sleeping in the hayloft when I was a small boy visiting Grandpa Deneke on a summer day. The silky straw and the pungent wheat smell enveloped me more warmly than a comforter. I slept through my parents calling for me, and when I woke from my nap, I heard of their concern I had got lost or had gone to a neighbor's farm to play with their children.




Grandpa's house now is a tumble of stored fencing and farm implements inside. Many wooden planks in the floor are broken through, but the rock walls have remained strong and the mortar joints need no pointing. I once thought I could reclaim the rock for garden features around our Dayton home. But what would be the cost to transport them to Ohio ...or to California?

I drove south a mile, past the quarter-sections that my great grandparents owned, and stopped to chat with Rosemary, the widow of Edwin Deneke (1938-2001). Edwin was my first cousin once removed, the son of a brother to my grandfather. When I visited 13 years ago, Edwin was in the last months of treatment for late-stage cancer. He had come to terms with approaching death, but he was not docile about it. It was a year before I would see the battle up close, when Chuck would be diagnosed and treated for a malignant thymoma. With my personal experience of what support needs to be offered a person battling cancer, I realize now that I could have been more supportive of Edwin and Rosemary. I tried to express my thoughts and regrets to her, but she rather wanted to speak of her present—her four children and their families. One son now has title to the family land, and Rosemary lives on the homestead without need to operate the farm. The other son is manager of the Farmway Co-op Credit Union. One daughter has gone through nursing school, and the other has been a teacher for nearly ten years.

Finally, a good day of research done, I changed into a casual bike kit and rode through the town for a leisurely tour before sunset and the drive back to Jewell. A bit of work would be needed then, to examine the photographs of the Tract Indexes.

.

2014.05.22 Thursday


2014.05.23 Friday


2014.05.24 Saturday


2014.05.25 Sunday


2014.05.26 Monday


2014.05.27 Tuesday


2014.05.28 Wednesday


2014.05.29 Thursday


2014.05.30 Friday


2014-05-20

Research trip journal, day 2

2014.05.19 Monday


2014.05.20 Tuesday

I arrived in Jewell, Kansas at 10 p.m. after a fruitful day on the road. I started fairly early in Hannibal, Missouri.

Hannibal, Missouri from Lovers' Leap
After a quick shower and repacking the car from my overnight, I drove to "Lover's Leap" just a mile south of the downtown. The promontory rises between the highway to Louisiana, Missouri (yes, it's confusing) and the Mississippi River.

The location affords a superb panorama of the town, the broadly flowing river, the train tracks along it, and long views up and down the river. I bypassed a tour of the Mark Twain Cavern, a bit further down the highway and more clearly a promoter's dream.

After breakfast in the Becky Thatcher Dinette, I took County Road M northwest to Palmyra, which parallels the old train tracks almost all the way. Then in Palmyra, which no longer has its train depot, the tracks almost double back and head southwest toward joined U.S. Highways 24 and 36. From the point that the tracks near the highway, both routes run closely parallel until well past the middle of the state.

Perhaps the most interesting town mid-state is Macon, Missouri. The town was the crossing point of two major railway lines: the Hannibal-St. Joseph Railway (which I was following) and the Wabash Railroad. The town boasted an Episcopalian military school for boys, the Blees Academy and several commercial buildings erected by the founder of the academy. Today, the academy grounds are home to the county historical society and its museum.

I arrived in St. Joseph by 2 p.m. and stopped first at the historical society. Unfortunately, urban renewal and freeway development have obliterated most of historic St. Joseph, particularly so for Warehouse Row. In the area of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Streets bounded by Edmund Street and Faraon Street were storefronts of many outfitters for the pioneers who were heading west into Kansas. The representative at the historical society recommended a sister site that provides many photos and detail of early St. Joseph. The most important remnant from the 1870s is St. Joseph Cathedral, quite some distance away from downtown and on a hill above it. I popped into the parish office and asked about sacramental registers of pioneer priests. They provided two contacts who might have the information I need: the Chancery office of the Archdiocese of Kansas City in Kansas (913.721.1570) and the Chancery of the Salina Diocese (785.827.8146).

Still on the hunt for family information, I drove to Atchison, Kansas. My grandfather Henry Deneke (1878-1960) had studied at St. Benedict's College, as reported in the 1897 Beloit Gazette. I had no certainty that he had studied as a collegiate or prep-school boy, nor did I know if he had graduated. I first asked the Registrar to send me a transcript of his record, if it still existed. I then went to the library and its archive, and reviewed academic catalogs for the years 1893 through 1901. I found there a full record of four years in study at St. Benedict College. He is documented in the "Catalog of Students" in the years 1892-93, 1893-94, 1895-96, and 1896-97. (There was no school held in 1894-95, due to smallpox epidemic in Atchison.) He majored in Ecclesiastical Studies and received Premium awards in 1893, 1896, and 1897.

A week later, the St. Benedict Registrar told me that no transcripts are available prior to about 1905.

On the road again by 5 p.m., I angled northwest back to U.S. Highway 36. At a stop to fill my tank, I asked if anyone knew how to reach Frankfort. One couple volunteered that they had just passed through, on their way from Lindsborg, and gave me very good directions. Great-aunt Theresa Deneke had married Francis Marksman of Frankfort in 1917. Two of their sons—longtime "confirmed" bachelors—had visited Beloit for every funeral and often in summers even without a family event to draw them. I knew very little more than their regularly seen faces.

Annunciation Catholic church, Frankfort, Kansas (2014)
In Frankfort, I found Annunciation Catholic Church very quickly—the town is so small. While framing the third photograph, a priest stepped out of the main door. I called out to him, "Well hello! Everything's ready except for your pose!" He raised his hand in a wave. Perfect! I went to him and introduced myself. We spoke a bit, and he said, "Do you know where the Marksmans live? Right over there is Jim's house, just beyond your van. And Bill lives just two houses down."

I knocked on Jim's door, introduced myself, and Jim went in to call his brother and ask him to stop by. The boys are twins, but not identical. They have never known which is the elder, but it matters little in their family. They were the last two of eight children. The three of us spoke for almost an hour, and it was fun to hear each of them take their turn, gently waiting for the other to finish a story before the other brother started another topic. With an occasional prod toward memories of their family, they produced information that few in the Deneke family know.
  • Their Catholic faith is very important. Jim, who has COPD, was diagnosed with acute pneumonia in April. He wanted at first to put off hospitalization until after Holy Week, but his doctor told him it was a choice between living and dying. He was released from the hospital on Good Friday, and he was happy to be able to go to the Saturday evening services as well as Easter Sunday Mass.
  • Bill is well traveled. He has been to France twice, Italy four times, to Caribbean cruises several times. He listed many other countries that he's visited, in addition to trips in the U.S. to see family and friends in almost every state.
  • Both worked for a railroad company, maintaining the track in a large region. Jim's COPD may be partially the result of this work. On cold days, laying track required heating the rail to allow it to expand to the expected length on hot days. To do this, they soaked an asbestos rope with tar, laid it along the rail segment, and lit the rope to warm the rail. Then they could lay it in and bolt it in place. Jim worked often using this technique, not recognizing the danger or realizing the accumulated results.
  • Neither has married, but Jim had a "lady friend" in St. Joseph who he visited often over several years. When he visited, he would sleep downstairs while she had her bedroom upstairs.
  • [Note added years later: Jim died on May 31, 2017 in Onaga KS.]
We spoke until the afternoon shadows lengthened. I said goodby and got on the road again. As sunset approached, I reached Marysville. I've eaten at Penny's Diner before, and this was another opportunity for a well-prepared and inexpensive meal. (I've since heard that a bowling alley now has better food and a broader menu than Penny's.) I drove the last 95 miles through the darkening Kansas prairie, ever increasing the number of bugs splattered on the windshield as my high beams split the night.

2014.05.21 Wednesday


2014.05.22 Thursday


2014.05.23 Friday


2014.05.24 Saturday


2014.05.25 Sunday


2014.05.26 Monday


2014.05.27 Tuesday


2014.05.28 Wednesday


2014.05.29 Thursday


2014.05.30 Friday




2014-05-19

Research trip journal, day 1

2014.05.19 Monday

Today was only driving to a destination: Hannibal, Missouri. I've guessed that the Reinert family and the dozen other families in their group migrated from Caledonia in three stages.


    River boat landing at Hannibal, Missouri (2009)
  • First, they took a river boat down the Mississippi to some suitable landing point. Two landings seem possible: Hannibal, which offered a train connection to the middle Missouri River at St. Joseph, Missouri, or St. Louis, which offered connection to a second steamboat for traveling up the Missouri River, at least to Kansas City. Further reading cast doubt on the availability of a reliable steamship passage all the way up the Missouri. The river is broad but not very deep, and the main stream shifts through its width often due to seasonal resilting.
  • Second, they took the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railway across upper Missouri.
  • Third, they bought and stocked wagons in St. Joseph (or Kansas City, Leavenworth, or Atchison) and took the final, longer travel by roads to the middle Solomon Valley and Tipton.

Today's goal is to reach the likely terminus of their first stage. I left Dayton at 12:30 after a morning appointment and taking Howard-the-Lab to his boarding kennel. The route took I-70 to Indianapolis, short stretches of I-65 and I-465 to reach I-72. Then I-72 due west through Crawfordsville IN, Champaign-Urbana IL, and Springfield IL. The only hitch in the drive is that I-65 north does not have a direct connection to I-465 south.

I reached Hannibal by 6:30 Dayton time, reset my clocks to Central time, and had plenty of daylight to photograph the paddle wheel boat at its dock. The town's tourist focus is Mark Twain, with almost every downtown establishment incorporating the names of Twain, Huck Finn, Becky Thatcher, Aunt Polly, or Tom Sawyer.

2014.05.20 Tuesday


2014.05.21 Wednesday


2014.05.22 Thursday


2014.05.23 Friday


2014.05.24 Saturday


2014.05.25 Sunday


2014.05.26 Monday


2014.05.27 Tuesday


2014.05.28 Wednesday


2014.05.29 Thursday


2014.05.30 Friday


2014-05-16

Scanning v. photocopying - the Tract Index

The joke is on me. I've been scanning my genealogy papers to PDF and JPG formats in preparation for a research trip to Kansas. I woke last night, remembering that I hadn't seen an important set of photocopied tract indices of recorded Osborne County deeds. I actually reached a pad and wrote a note to remind me for today's work.

After searching a few hours for them—fruitless—I thought, Hey, you were writing a Wikipedia post about this resource. I remember now that I had to use Photoshop to piece four pages into one. Maybe you scanned at least a few of the pages.

Well, they were all scanned. Waiting for me to look in the right place. And one set had been sewn together for that Wikipedia entry.

Tract index of section 27 of town 8 south, range 11 west of the principal meridian, Bloom township, Osborne county, Kansas

What is a tract index?

This tract index, a somewhat dynamic historical record, has dates that range from 1890.05.21 to 1903.09.29. The tract index clarifies that
  1. The Sheriff owned the land title to the northwest quarter section (NW/4) and granted it to the Mutual Life Ins Co on 1891.02.03 via a Sheriff's Deed (a type of Quitclaim Deed).
  2. Michigan Mutual Life Ins Co transferred the title to Peter Simeon on 1898.0214 via a Warranty Deed.
  3. Peter Simeon and his wife transferred title to Michigan Mutual Life Ins Co on 1898.02.14 via a Mortgage.
  4. Michigan Mutual Life Ins Co transferred the title to Peter Simeon on 1903.09.29 in Satisfaction of the mortgage.

Atlas page, Bloom township,
Osborne county, Kansas, 1900

For comparison, here is an atlas page (sometimes called a plat map) that includes the section as part of Bloom township, published in 1900. Click on the image to see it enlarged. As a static document, it records the current ownership prior to publication. Section 27 is in the middle of the map, below the middle indicated plateau. The atlas shows that Peter Simeon is the sole owner of NW/4.

Correlation between the tract index and the atlas is made a bit difficult by the pagination of the tract index, which shows the NW/4 at the top of the right-hand page. This is not always the case, so note carefully whether the tract index has such a reversal.

Other owners mentioned in the tract index are John Brummer, Crippen Lawrence, Sullivan Barton, John Endres, Theodore Arens, Ignatz Hake, F.M. Owens, William O. Harrison, and A. Anderson. Only Peter Simeon and John Brummer are named on the atlas section.

oo-oo

Once everything is scanned to JPG or PDF format, I'll no longer have an urge to page through binders, trying to find the item I need. So far, that's true just for my Kansas materials. I'm not sure what is next, but the longest shelf now is marked "DEU" for the Germany materials.

2014-05-12

Two photos of Tipton KS need details

I found two photographs from Tipton, Kansas that beg for more information. Perhaps readers can help?

Main St. looking north Tipton Kan.


First is an undated photograph that shows Tipton's Main Street, looking north. When was it taken? (I presume it dates from 1910 or so.) What are the businesses shown? Is the building at the right a residence? Whose? Do any of the buildings still exist, perhaps with a modified storefront?

The 1917 atlas of Mitchell County has an advertisement for the building, then identified as the Fischer Hotel with a photo from the northwest. Unfortunately, that photo shows no other buildings. In the same atlas is a photo of the Home State Bank, perhaps the most distant storefront on the east side of the street.

Millie Fink writes on 2014.06.02:
"The photo you are asking about with the notation 'Main St. Looking No. Tipton Kan.' is known by my family as the Boden Hotel. My great-grandfather Franz (Frank) Boden and the "French woman," his third wife Ernestine M. Arson Boucher Boden Kleeman, ran the hotel. They were married from about 1905 until his death in 1933, and my mother remembers them running the hotel in about 1930 or so. I do not have any idea about the actual date of the picture."

Village hunters and their rabbit pelts

Next is a group photo of men, boys, and a few women surrounding a pile of rabbit (or perhaps coyote) pelts. One man holds his right hand high. Several hold rifles, and one man holds an infant. Identities? Does the photo celebrate a one-time hunt or a yearly event?

2014-05-05

Recent work: early Kansas and Native American peoples

I've been bogged down in Kansas history, trying to read the detailed account of Territorial Kansas from William G. Cutler's History of the State of Kansas: Containing a full account of its growth from an uninhabited territory toa wealthy and important state; of its early settlements; its rapid increase in population and the marvelous development of its great natural resources. Also, a supplementary history and description of its Counties, Cities, Towns and Villages, their advantages, industries, manufactures and commerce: to which are added biographical sketches and portraits of prominent men and early settlers.[1] The book was published in 1883 in two volumes, with a total of 1616 pages. The first 306 pages contain the history; the remaining 1300 pages (Volume 2) describe the counties and larger towns.

His discussion of the period between territorial status in 1854 and joining the Union in 1861 is as bloated as his title. Filled with full transcripts of letters between the governor and legislature, of party platforms, of newspaper editorials, its minutiae threaten to overwhelm a clean description of those times. Granted, "Bleeding Kansas" was brought through many twists and turns before the state was fully formed. Two legislatures, two governors, two constitutions—not in sequence, but in parallel. Just as the Territory was formed from two electorates in pitched battle between pro-slavery and free-state camps—including an electorate that crossed over from Missouri only to vote in the elections of legislators favorable to slavery.

Some day I will bring a more readable summary of Cutler to this space. But I'm wading through the muck from whence Kansas emerged.

Native Americans of the Great Plains


I've finished reading large amounts of background material about the Native American people who inhabited Kansas before and as the Territory was being formed.

Several biographies of the Osborne county and Tipton settlers refer to encounters with the native Americans who still lived in the area. For example, the “Henry Streit and Anna Marie Schmitt” sketch[2] refers to their “large 2 story limestone block house used by early settlers as a protective fort against Indian raids.”[3] The “Frank Ohnsat” sketch includes his memories: “As did many of the earlier settlers, Frank remembered the Indian raids in Western Kansas. Now and then, some rowdy cowboys rode in from the West and, for the fun of it, scared the settlers by telling them the Indians were coming. Many times when Frank's father was working away from the home, his mother and three children sat in fear in the tall prairie grass away from the sod house until Robert returned from work.”[4] The “John Beck and Anna Hollerich” sketch refers to their “many hardships of pioneer day living, the fear of Indian attack was always something to keep in mind. One time Grandmother Beck told of one of these attacks and they took refuge in a rock house West of town, the old Geo. Streit home.”[5] The “Matheis Eck and Eva Schauf” sketch quotes Eva with her memory, “I sometimes saw Indians crossing the prairie, but never any hostile ones and they were always in small groups.”[6]

Such biographical sketches were often handed down through the families to be finally captured as a set of recollections for the local newspapers. Most of the sketches were originally published in the 1950s and 1960s, and then collected in bound volumes in the 1970s and later. The anecdotes lack the specifics we need to understand the character of any interactions between the Tipton community and the native Americans that remained in the area. So I have turned to the verbal history of the native Americans themselves and to later anthropological research to understand with whom the Tipton residents came in contact.

Footnotes

1. Cutler, William G., History of the State of Kansas: Containing a full account of its growth from an uninhabited territory toa wealthy and important state; of its early settlements; its rapid increase in population and the marvelous development of its great natural resources. Also, a supplementary history and description of its Counties, Cities, Towns and Villages, their advantages, industries, manufactures and commerce: to which are added biographical sketches and portraits of prominent men and early settlers. (A.T. Andreas, Chicago, 1883).

2. Early Day Couples of Tipton Kansas (EDC), Boberg, Helen (Mrs. A.J.); Arnoldy, Mrs. Edmund; Lingg, Warren J., ed. Compiled and printed by the Cawker City Ledger; 1975, Cawker City KS, p. 2. Call number 978.123/T1 D3c FHL US/CAN Book (available only at main LDS library). Contains reprints of articles published in the Cawker City Ledger.

3. Lingg, p. 5. Henry Streit (1850-1931) and Anna Marie Schmitt (1848-1913) arrived in Tipton in 1877 with their son John and several friends and family.

4. Lingg, p. 16. Frank Ohnsat (1873-1961) and Apollonia Streit (1883-1947) were second-generation Americans. Frank reached Tipton in 1877 or 1878 with his parents, and Apollonia was born in the Tipton area. Perhaps his memories refer to the Cheyenne Raid of 1878 in Decatur county.

5. Lingg, p. 24. John Beck (1864-1941) and Anna Hollerich (1885-after 1975) arrived in Mitchell county in 1878 and 1905, respectively.

6. Lingg, p. 33. Matheis Eck (1847-1938) and Eva Schauf (1860-1940) separately arrived in the Tipton area in 1878.

2014-04-20

What I learned from attending my cousin near her death

It's Saturday today. I listened to This American Life on WYSO, as I do most Saturday mornings while I let a dose of Fosamax process through my empty stomach, fed Howard-the-Lab, made a big mug of triple-shot latté, and toasted a sesame seed bagel.

As Ira Glass introduced today's theme, "Death and Taxes," I flashed back two weeks, when I told a dying relative a lie: "Next year, we'll be wishing you a happy birthday in your home." Without a word, she floored me with eyes that said: "What, are you really so full of shit that you think I'll walk out of this hospital room and live to see my 80th birthday? We both know, or at least I know, that I'm this close to my last breath!"

o o o — o o o

My husband's cousin Barbara had worked at the Fernald plant near Cincinnati as an industrial electrician while the plant was being decommissioned. Nuclear materials were still in storage there, and more than once Barb had been in sight of yellow cake or other fuel products. Within 15 years, Barb developed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which progressed to a diagnosis of lung cancer in late 2009.

She was a generation older than Chuck, and she married and relocated to California when Chuck was almost three. He had only a few interactions with her as they grew up, but as an adult he sailed the San Francisco Bay with her captaining. Her intelligence made her a master sailor and in one period a naturalist with a special focus on bats and other mammals of flight. From this enthusiasm came her respect for the Chiroptera order of animals. She called herself "a tough ol' bat," and the description stuck as a nickname among her many friends—fellow workers at Fernald, members of the motorcycle club she had joined, musicians who gigged with her or her wife Marcia, almost everyone except her family of a few cousins.

The nickname "Bat" proved true as she waged war with cancer. After surgery and radiation therapy, she was diagnosed to be cancer free. Bat resumed her life as never before. She and Marcia lived each new day as a fresh experience, an opportunity to bike together at a whim. They biked long distances to attend national meetings with other members of the Motor Maids and short distances to see Chuck and me up in Dayton.

The flow of a several more years brought new concerns about cancer recurrence. A second lung surgery was needed 22 months after the first. Another year later, new scans revealed a metastasis in her brain. At first her body responded fairly well to treatment. The cancer cells seemed to die from gamma knife treatments and chemotherapy, but the site never cleared of necrotic tissue. Large doses of corticosteroids were used for long periods, and their side effects transformed Bat into a person easily exhausted by her previous, active lifestyle. And caring for Bat at home had required Marcia to sacrifice the retail jobs that helped them stay ahead of mounting bills.

o o o — o o o

Bat had moved from home to a residential rehabilitation facility. The plan was to rebuild her ability to maintain a life, though a quieter one, at home and to regain enough self-sufficiency to allow Marcia to return to work.

I visited Bat on a Wednesday afternoon. She was bloated, barely mobile, her body on its way to becoming one with the hospital bed. Nevertheless, her eyes were bright, focused, and she kept in the conversation. But she was totally unable to provide the stream of family stories that was characteristic of her in the past. Occasionally Bat rattled a cough, and Marcia explained for her, "We think it's the steroids, the prednisone, that have taken her voice. She hasn't been able to do more than whisper for several days now." Bat's dinner arrived, and she ate with moderate appetite. When I was getting ready to leave, Marcia reminded me that Bat was looking forward to her 79th birthday next Sunday.

A day later, Bat had been transferred to Bethesda North to treat what had now been diagnosed as pneumonia. Placing her in the rehab facility had been, in retrospect, too hopeful a step for Bat's transformed and exhausted body. It had become difficult for her even to sit up in bed, let alone getting to a chair in the room or to the bathroom unassisted. This lack of movement contributed, I suspect, to the pneumonia.

I came to her bedside on  April 13. That date in 1935, Bat—Barbara Morton—was born in Alliance, Ohio. Her mother, Ethel Ora Derry, had been born there—and married there too, to George Morton. Ethel's parents had been married there as well, and Alliance was the last home of Barb's great grandmother, Oracelia Maxwell-Derry. Though that lineage had been told to me by Barb herself, she had no energy to talk about family. Nor to talk at all. Whatever treatments were given at Bethesda were of little use. The pneumonia lingered, and Barb looked even less herself.

A nursing aid brought in a tray. A wedge of chocolate cake supported a match of a candle. A half-cup bowl held a sphere of vanilla ice cream. Marcia lit the candle, then she and I sang the familiar repeating phrases and provided the breath to extinguish the unsteady flame. And then came the time that I told that bald-faced lie...

o o o — o o o

Barb rallied, then faltered. Three times over the week. She bargained with the doctor, "Let's decide on Friday whether I've beat this pneumonia and can get back home to recover." Marcia called attorneys handling the workers' compensation settlement from Fernald, medical supply companies providing a hospital bed at home, social workers evaluating the home environment, and a Hospice of Cincinnati representative advising a temporary stay at their facility before bringing Barb home. On Wednesday, Barb was taken to Hospice. On Friday, her friends set up a schedule that kept two or more attending Barb and Marcia for as long as needed. On Saturday I visited. I remembered the unsteady candle light from six days earlier and the red votive candles at death vigils when I was a child. On Sunday, Barb departed quietly before Easter's dawn.

A moral without a maxim

Barb taught me that it is possible to know that one's own death is approaching, and it may be up to the dying to teach family and friends how the death should progress. The "Death and Taxes" broadcast clarified that the dying are often unable to articulate their own wishes as death approaches, particularly to the attending family and professionals. Observing Barb's slow week of dying left me with strongly felt wishes about how my own death would best be managed, given that I die from "old age" or slow compromises from illness.

Foremost, I want no silence in the room where I die. Nor darkness. Women can comfort, men can curse, children can prattle. Let all visitors to the deathwatch come with an understanding that they may continue their living, even while in the room with me.

I would like to hear music almost constantly. Music has been a force in my life since childhood, though my tastes have sharpened since then. Let the music never cease, not even in ER, OR, ICU, or hospice. My favorite music includes
Let my friends talk above or below the music, think good thoughts, remind me of their presence with a stroke on the thigh, a rub of the shoulder, a cooling touch on the brow, or even a gentle lift of the testes.

Bring your friends I should have met. Bring your children to know that death is natural, a common thing among all of us born.

Flowers are not necessary. Rather, bring a favorite photograph, sketch, or art reproduction that speaks to you and may inspire me.

Don't close the curtains. Let in the sunshine!

Don't swathe me in pajamas or hospital gowns. I have slept naked all my life, and want no encumbrance at death.

Once it is clear that Death is approaching, don't make useless attempts to prevent the inevitable. Whatever strength I have for breath, that is enough. No tubes, no forced feeding, no fluids.
When I and my body are separated, take any parts that can be of use for others or research. Then burn the rest. Let the volatiles join my spirit, and let the precipitates join the earth.

Please also read this for another approach to serious illness, medical care, and dealing with one's death.

Just a brush is what we need

If we're lucky, Death brushes against us a few times in life. Sometimes the brush is a near miss, other times the brush occurs when a friend or relative meets Death. We can choose to learn from these close encounters, or we can shelter ourselves, repress our feelings, and refuse to grow.

Tom Kohn
Twenty years ago I had a near miss. I was in a training race on my bicycle, and a car collided with me as the driver turned off a one-lane bridge with poor sight lines. Unaware that the race course had inherent problems in safety, unknowing that the race organizer had not gained approval from the townships or counties involved, unable to know that nobody on my racing team would care enough to identify me when the ambulance came, and unfortunate that, faced with the need to answer hard questions, my racing companions would take flight and leave me bloody, unconscious, and seriously injured. But Death didn't finish his job with me, perhaps because enough angels came to my help and scared Death in his work. I survived after two weeks hospitalization, seven surgeries, and several years learning to cope with cognitive impairment. I learned that, if I retained a headstrong focus on cycling in dangerous situations, I might well die in another bike collision.

Chuck Derry
Ten years ago my husband Chuck had a long dance with Death. Days before we were to spend Spring Break in our favorite getaway, a doctor advised Chuck, "I don't like how this x-ray looks. This white area here, near your heart, shouldn't be there. Let's get a CT-scan, and get the ball rolling for surgery." It was a rare thymoma, one that wrapped around his heart. The surgery included removing the outer layer of tissue around his heart, because the surgeon suspected that cancer had bridged the gap between the thymus and the heart. After he recovered from the open-chest surgery, he was given radiation treatments to kill any remaining cancer cells in his chest. But the radiation also damaged his heart and lungs. A year later he needed stents to relieve arteries that had collapsed from radiation damage. A year after that, he needed open-chest surgery to replace several arteries with veins from his legs. But bleeding didn't stop after the surgery, so his chest was opened again to find and repair the bleeding areas. And then opened again for another surgery because more bleeders started up. Death waged a long campaign, but Chuck won each battle. I learned that the will to survive can allow us to prevail against catastrophic disease, and that the love of friends and family can foster the will and make recovery easier.

Tom with Louise Deneke-Kohn, 1913-1990
My mother's death was an example of a brush with Death where too many distractions kept me from learning and growing. Mom and I had a troubled time after I divorced my wife to live more honestly as a gay man. This changed when I met Chuck and, because of his influence, became more compassionate to Mom's loving concern. When mom died, I could hardly focus on her, because distractions and hostility came from my family who had never come to terms with a gay nephew, cousin, or brother. Her battle against Death was made lonelier by her family's grudging communication with me. I learned that the result of intolerance is complex, and it affects more victims than the obvious ones.

Florence Pounds-Iacano, 1924-2007
Aunt Florence, a life-long conservative follower of a retrograde Christian cult, had a long struggle against Death. For seven years, Florence personified the Iacano family's estrangement from Chuck after he met me, forged our commitment, and came out to relatives and friends. At one time, her minister had told her that speaking to Chuck would bring her everlasting damnation. Ironically, when Chuck visited her the day before her death, she could not speak because of intubation. Her eyes and unfaltering clasp of Chuck's hand could only imply her regret that she had been less compassionate than she should have been. I learned that we must express our love, overcome our own troubles, and accept our friends and family without condition. And we must do so long before that last moment when Death lurks at the doorway.

Barb Morton-Graham, 1935-2014
Chuck's cousin Barbara Morton-Graham died this morning at 4:40, before the sunrise of Easter. She called herself Ole' Bat, and might have been happy being called a tough old gal. When she exited from a marriage and needed to earn a living, she apprenticed as an electrician, and ended with a well-paying job at the Fernald nuclear energy plant. Working through its de-commissioning, she was in occasional proximity to fissable materials. But she felt it was better for her to be in danger than the young men she worked with, who had a full lifetime yet to enjoy. For years she battled against lung cancer and ensuing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the last few months were especially hard. I was able visit her occasionally in these last few weeks. Diagnosed and hospitalized a week ago with pneumonia that was never controlled, her breathing was labored over many days. Friday she was moved from hospital to hospice, and I was beside her yesterday evening while she slowly and bravely advanced toward Death. In the end, Death befriended her and relieved her of a compromised body.

Louise Ohnsat-Kohn, 1875-1959
Sitting there beside her, among her friends from the Motor Maids motorcycle club, I was reminded of the gathered daughters and daughters-in-law as my grandmother Louise Ohnsat-Kohn passed.

There was no hospice then in May 1959. The death watch occurred at home. The front bedroom, where great-grandparents' photos watched my grandparent's bed, was dark, the shades drawn, the curtains pulled together. Grandma was alone in the bed, but five young women stood, sat, or kneeled around the bed. Two of them—my mother Louise and my aunt Sr. Edna Louise—were registered nurses. Even these women well-versed in care and comfort were at the far reaches of what medicine could offer in 1959 rural Kansas. The palliatives were few: a dry towel to dab at sweat and tears, a moist cloth to wet the lips, a slow fan to move the air, a low murmur of another recitation of the rosary. The words repeated momentarily in my head, drawn again into the Catholic practice I had thought I have recovered from; one voice chants, "Hailmaryfullofgrace thelordiswiththee, blessedart-thouamongwomen, andblessedisthefruitofthywomb,Jesus." A throng of automatonic responses, "Holymarymotherofgod prayforussinners nowandatthehourofourdeath,Amen." Not quite a monotone, barely inflected, related to chant, but never a sweeping antiphon.

I realize now that the muddle of words was not a means of compressing the rosary to its alloted ten minutes (one credo and triad followed by five decades of an Our Father and ten Hail Marys), but of creating a low buzz that blocked the world outside the house, a white noise that dampened the curses and weeping from the men smoking in the front parlor, a somber music that balanced the flow of visiting neighbors and family who brought pies, cookies, hams, roasts, casseroled vegetables, potted stews, and repeated questions of the details of sickness and impending death.

Pulled back—Barbara stirred, coughed weakly—to the hospice room, with my dying cousin (no longer merely a cousin-in-law) and the ebb and flow of her friends, motocycle riders, lesbian couples, cat lovers, all part of the extended family of a pair of women, married—by the authority of the state of Ontario, Canada—now these ten years, six months, and seventeen days, and still lovers through these thirty years, five months, and nineteen days, who must now separate for a time.
Barbara and Marcia, about 1990

Notes for her biography

Barbara Morton-Graham, known to her close friends as Bat or Ol' Bat, was born 13 April 1935 to George Elwood Morton and Ethel Oracelia Derry in Alliance, Stark county, Ohio. She was their only child.
She married James Crawford Graham from [HOME UNKNOWN] on 15 Aug 1954 in Cleveland, Ohio. They lived in Ohio, Azusa CA, and San Anselmo, CA; and they had two sons: Anthony Crawford and James Chase.

Barbara created a new home with Marcia Gallas of North Miami Beach FL in Nov 1983, and they lived in Novato CA, Asheville NC, and Cincinnati OH. They celebrated their meeting date with their marriage on 8 Sep 2003 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Barbara is survived by her loving wife Marcia Gallas of Blue Ash, OH, sons Tony Graham and wife Vangie of Neshkoro, WI, James Graham and wife Peggy of Boulder Creek, CA, and grandchildren, Nikki Patten of Queen Creek, AZ, Kyle Graham of Tempe, AZ , Triona Graham and Brigid Graham of Vallejo, CA, Keiva Hummel of Oakland, CA, and Lauren Katz of Boulder Creek, CA. Cousins Charles Derry and husband Thomas Kohn of Palm Springs, CA, Denise Preucel and Max Gast of Cleveland, OH.

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